Human Resource Management has a history dating back to the times (before the industrial revolution) when artisans and craftsmen would enlist the aid of one another to discuss ways to manage their laborers. Yes one wonders as to who could be called as the Father of Human Resources. Well, most of us would think of John Henry Patterson. Patterson was an industrialist and founder of the National Cash Register Company. He was a businessperson, salesperson, and social progressive. HR does seem to have roots in John Patterson, who formed a personnel department to manage the grief’s of workers after a bitter union strike in 1901. John H. Patterson created an intricate system of management to monitor and train company salesman. He gave them scripts to memorize and assigned them territory to cover. He held conventions and thematic sales contests, and pressured salesmen to rid their regions of competition. Patterson sought to create a method of sales management that encompassed all aspects of selling, from the calculation of quotas and commission rates to the motivation of discouraged salesmen.
John H. Patterson and the Sales Strategy of the National Cash Register Company
Some pioneers in the filed of Human Resources are as follows.
Douglas McGregor : Douglas McGregor was a Management professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management and president of Antioch College from 1948 to 1954. His 1960 book The Human Side of Enterprise had a profound influence on education practices.
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Abraham Maslow : Abraham Harold Maslow was an American psychologist. He is noted for his conceptualization of a "hierarchy of human needs", and is considered the father of humanistic psychology. Chris Argyris : Chris Argyris’ early research explored the impact of formal organizational structures, control systems and management on individuals and how they responded and adapted to them. This research resulted in the books Personality and Organization, 1957 and Integrating the Individual and the Organization, 1964. He then shifted his focus to organizational change, in particular exploring the behavior of senior executives in organizations (Interpersonal Competence and Organizational Effectiveness, 1962; Organization and Innovation, 1965).Renesis Likert : Through his book – “New patterns of Management” on the importance of the group participation and team work.
George Elton Mayo was an Australian psychologist, sociologist and organization theorist. He lectured at the University of Queensland from 1919 to 1923 before moving to the University of Pennsylvania, but spent most of his career at Harvard Business School (1926 - 1947), where he was professor of industrial research. On 18 April 1913 he married Dorothea McConnel in Brisbane. They had two daughters. Mayo is known as the founder of the Human Relations Movement, and is known for his research including the Hawthorne Studies, and his book The Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization (1933).
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